England and Germany introduction

introduction of italy

Italy is a country located in Southern Europe. Its official name is the Italian Republic. Italy borders Slovenia, Austria, Switzerland, and France. Italy is a long peninsula-shaped country, similar to a boot. Italy is bordered to its east by the Adriatic Sea and the Tyrrhenian Sea to its west. Indo-European people began migrating to Italy’s region in about 2000 BC, and in approximately the 3rd century BC it was overthrown by the Romans. In the 4th and 5th centuries AD Italy was overthrown by barbarians. Centuries of political unrest followed and it wasn’t until 1861 that Italy became unified. The Republic was formed in 1946, following Mussolini’s fallen dictatorship in 1943, and the following rejection of the monarchy

GERMANY INTRODUCTION

The Federal Republic of Germany, or Germany as it is referred to around the world, consists of 16 states. Its capital and largest city is Berlin. Of all the countries in the European Union Germany is the most populated with more than 80.5 million people. It is believed that there were Germanic tribes as far back as the Nordic Bronze Age. Romans documented Germania prior to AD 100, but towards the end of the 4th century AD German tribes took over. In 1815 the German Federation was formed, and in 1949, following the World Wars, the Federal Republic was established.

ITALIAN DINNER

GERMANY MEALS

1.pretzel

italian folk games

AREZZO: “Giostra del Saracino” (Saracen) The first Sunday of September – the fight of the 13th century armed knights.

ASCOLI PICENO: “Torneo della Quintana” (Spearfishing – Quintana) The first Sunday of August – a historic performance with the participation of hundreds of people dressed in 15th century costumes.

CAGLIARI: “Sagra di Sant’Efisio” (St. Ephisio Festival) 1 – 4 May – The world’s largest and most colorful procession. Moving a few thousand Catholic sights wearing costumes dated to 1657, with horses, horse carriages and walking on the foot of the statue of St. Ephisio.

FLORENCE: “Scoppio del Carro” Easter Sunday – A pyrotechnic pyrotechnic is fired at the cathedral square via a mechanical pigeon brought from the bottom during the ritual. “Gioco del Calcio” (Football Match) 24th and 28th June – A 16th century football game played with medieval costumes. Fireworks fired from terraced gardens in high areas of the city.

FOLIGNO: “Giostra della Quintana” (Quintana) Second half of September – reviving spearfights made with 600 costumes of 17th century knights. The night before, a historic event is revived.

GENZANO: “Infiorata” (Flower Festival) Corpus Domini 23 June. The magnificent display of a religious event along the streets decorated with flowers and decorated with flowers.

GUBBIO: “Festa dei Ceri” (Candle Festival) 15th May – The casting of sacred chests in Kiliseye on top of Ingino mountain in local costumes. “Palio dei Balestrieri” (The Palio of the Archers) The last Sunday of May – medieval cross-country competitions between medieval clothes and weapons and Gubbio and Sansepulcrolla.

LA SPEZIA: “Palio del Golfo” (Gulf Palio competition) on the second Sunday of August – 2000 m. rowing competition.

folk games of almanyan

Mangala game in Germany
BOHNENSPIEL (MANGALA)
Bean game is an old board game belonging to Mangala games family At the same time this concept is used in Germany as the genre name of completely different Mangala varieties
history
The original “Bean Game” was originally written by the game pastor Fritz Jahn in the book “Old German Games” (1917). Here we talked about the visit to Kardis in 1908 in Estonia, then Russia, where he visited the large farm of Baron Stackel The original wood was found on the boards of the Iranian Shah (presumably Muhammad), which was used in the beans game, where the originals were held daily in Eremitage in Saint Petersburg (one of the biggest and most important arts museums in the world) and in the Winter Palace of Tsar (Winterpalais) The bean game was spread in German-speaking regions by Jahn and in german-bred and Prussian noble families until it was popular in all classes. Jahn adult education (Katharina die Große) was the gift of the Anhalt-Zerbst princess to daughter Katharina die Große (reigning 1762-1796) Workers’ unity and by using his relations with the Motherland Women’s Union, he wanted to educate the soldiers who were wounded in World War I

Another known by the Jahn is the Baltic Bean Game or the Kardis Bean Game, while the other is known as the German Bean Game played on half of a big board
At the Weikersheim Palace in Bad Mergentheim there are two game boards made from oak wood since 1709. These are the tall tales that Sommer, an artistic family, produced in baroque style. Unfortunately, In Mangala rules seem to have disappeared These are the oldest evidence of Mangala in Germany It is also predicted that the first Mangala Games were brought by a knight returning to Europe from the Crusades But there is no scientific document for this thesis
When the game rules are examined, the bean game is similar to the Mangala Game played in Arabia and in the center of Asia