britian in numbers

עבודה באנגלית:אביבה אביטל ויעקב פ.
1. The Big Ben-

aviva

2.
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The article deals with BIG BEN, which is situated on the clock tower of the house of
commons of the British parliament. The official name of this tower was originally THE
CLOCK TOWER, but it was renamed ELIZABETH TOWER in 2012 to mark the Diamond
Jubilee of Elizabeth 2. Inside this tower are 5 bells-4 medium sized ones which ring the
quarter -hours and a very large one, it weighs about 13 tons . It sounds the hours. This
large bell is called BIG BEN.
The tower is a British cultural icon recognized all over the world. It is one of the most
prominent symbols of THE UNITED KINGDOM.
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The article gives some information about how the BIG BEN was constructed, hung and
named.
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Constructed and hung – The original hour bell was made in 1856 in north-
east England and weighed about 16 tons. It was sent to London by sea and hung near
the new Houses of Parliament, 15 which were built after a fire destroyed the old ones in
1834. After being tested for a year, the bell cracked. No one knew why this happened.
although there were various possible reasons. Perhaps the hammer was too heavy, or
maybe .20 the bell was either too thick or too thin. Whatever the reason, the bell was
broken up and remade in London. In 1858, it was put into a new clock tower, where it
has remained ever since. The other bells and the clock were put in the following year.
However, in September 1859, the new bell cracked. It was not used for three years
while an argument took place as to what to do with it. Finally, the decision was made to
turn the bell slightly and to use a smaller hammer. This arrangement has lasted until
today and Big Ben is still working.

Named- But why the name Big Ben? The story goes that when Members of
Parliament were 30 trying to decide on a name for the bell, which was the biggest in
Britain, a very large MP named Sir Benjamin Hall rose to speak. Someone called out,
"Let’s call it Big Ben." Another story links the name to Ben Caunt, a heavyweight boxing
champion at that time. who weighed about 110 kilograms. He was known as Big Ben,
and so was anything that was the biggest of its kind. So London’s famous clock is named
after either a little-known
35 MP or a boxer!
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The article contains many numbers concerning the height of the tower, weight of the
bells, number of bells and steps. Also it gives many dates referring to the history of the
tower and BIG BEN .
3.
* concerning
* arrangement
* prominent
* various
* constructed
The reason why the British Drink a lot of Tea
yakov.p

1.
The article deals with the reasons why the British
drink a lot of tea ,which is one of the most known
traditions among the British.
Making tea is the British response to every situation,
from birthdays to bad news

2.
The article brings some information about the history
of tea in England and why they add milk to it ?
3.
The history of tea – It all started In 1946, George
Orwell wrote in the Evening Standard, “tea is one of
the mainstays of civilization in this country.” Tea had
been such for nearly 300 years, ever since Catherine
of Braganza arrived from Portugal and married King
Charles II, bringing with her a ritual of daily teatime.
The other nobles followed suit, and the British East
India Company began to import much more tea from
its colonies in the Far East, where it had been grown
and drunk for thousands of years. The price fell, and
suddenly every Briton had a tea habit.
Why do they add milk to tea ? -Tea is traditionally
brewed in a pot and poured out into individual cups.
Most of the people could not afford fine bone china,
and the cups they did have would often shatter under
the heat of the boiling tea. Milk was therefore added
first to the cups to lessen the heat of the hot tea and
keep the cups intact. Many people apparently grew to
like the taste, although some take their tea with sugar
or lemon instead.

This information can be used in mathematics:
You can calculate the temperature at which the glass will shatter

4.

*fine bone
*therefore

* shatter

British colonies

Slavery and the British Empire

The transport of enslaved people to the American colonies accelerated in the second half of the 17th century. In 1660, English monarch Charles II created the Royal African Company to trade in enslaved people and African goods. His brother, James II, led the company before ascending the throne.

Under both these kings, the Royal African Company enjoyed a monopoly to transport enslaved people to the English colonies. Between 1672 and 1713, the company bought 125,000 captives on the African coast, losing 20 percent of them to death on the Middle Passage—the journey from the African coast to the Americas.

The Royal African Company’s monopoly ended in 1689. After that date, many more English merchants engaged in the slave trade, greatly increasing the number of enslaved people being transported. Africans who survived the brutal Middle Passage usually arrived in the West Indies, often in Barbados. From there, they were transported to the mainland English colonies on company ships.

While merchants in London, Bristol, and Liverpool lined their pockets, Africans trafficked by the company endured a nightmare of misery, privation, and dislocation.

Enslaved people strove to adapt to their new lives by forming new communities among themselves, often adhering to traditional

African customs and healing techniques. The development of families and communities was an important response to the trauma of being enslaved. Other enslaved people dealt with the trauma of their situation by actively resisting their condition—whether by defying their owners or running away.

People who escaped enslavement formed what were called maroon communities; these communities successfully resisted recapture and formed their own autonomous groups. The most prominent maroon communities controlled an interior area of Jamaica, keeping the British away.

What aspect of the topic does the article deal with ?

The topic of the article is about the slavery in the British colonies in 1600 and how it goes.

What are some general ideas it introduces ?

One of the most ideas it introduces is about trade slavery and transport enslaved people

What are some of the examples that are used to support the ideas ?

That you can trade an slave and maybe get an better one by doings and looks and if the slave is far away from your country then the Africans can transport the enslaved people and give them to you by your order

How can this information can be used in math ?

By the number of slaves that were transported or traded by some person you can make a faction exercises like if person 1 gives to person 2 two slaves then person 2 gives to person 1 twelve slaves

Five new words list

Ascending – עולה

dislocation – נקע

Accelerated – מואץ

Adhering – דבקות

Privation – פרטיות

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